What are Compulsory CSR Commitment Policies and Their Effectiveness and Pitfalls
What are Compulsory CSR Commitments and How They Work in Corporates In many multinational companies such as Goldman Sachs, SAP, and P&G, employees are expected to spend time on Corporate Social Responsibility activities and in turn, they are rewarded or penalized based on whether they have undertaken the necessary commitments with regards to CSR activities. […]
Business-to-Business (B2B) Marketing Strategies
You’ve got your business up and running. There’s just a problem. You’re not bringing in enough money. This is a guide for Business-to-Business (B2B) marketing in 2024 and beyond to help you do just that – and perhaps, along the way, refine and smooth out ambiguities in your business offering too. While marketing tools and […]
What is Customer Satisfaction ?
Business always starts and closes with customers and hence the customers must be treated as the King of the market. All the business enhancements, profit, status, image etc of the organization depends on customers. Hence it is important for all the organizations to meet all the customers’ expectations and identify that they are satisfied customer. […]
Brand Health Survey
A brand is a perception in its consumers’ minds. A strong brand can command a premium price. This power of a brand is measured using a technique of marketing research – Brand Health Survey. Figure: Current health status of some popular brands While checking a brand’s health certain vital aspects are captured such as how […]
Steps in Building a Brand Name Product or Service
At times, organizations are often inspired by a variety of ideas to create products and services which can be offered locally or globally. Generally, such products or services require the establishment of a brand or company name. Often these brands include both logo and lettering and can do a long way in advertising such products […]
The activities and processes of the organization utilize certain assets. These assets are called resources. These resources can be created within the organization. They form the internal resources. Such generated resources are organization-specific. Otherwise they could be obtained externally from the suppliers available in the resource markets. They form the external resources. The externally obtained resources are organization-addressable.
In addition, resources can be categorised as specific or non-specific. Those resources which can only be used for extremely specialized intentions and are significant to the organization in adding value to goods and services are called specific resources.
Non-specific resources are less specific and are less significant in adding value. Also resources can be broadly classified as tangible and intangible. The physical assets that an organization possesses are called tangible resources. The physical resources, human resources and final resources come under this category.
The intellectual resources, technological resources and the organizational reputation together form the intangible resources. The patents and copyrights of the organization are typical examples of intellectual resources. The innovation capacity and innovation speed are examples of technological resources. Reputation is basically good-will that the organization has acquired among the customers. It is a critical resource of an organization.
An organization should posses some characteristics in order to have the ability to compete with other organizations in the market place. These characteristics form the competencies of the organization.
For any organization to survive in an industry competencies are must. At the same time competencies cannot be useful to an organization when they stand alone. It is when they combine together in the right combination that they help the organization to attain competitive advantage.
For instance consider an information technology organization. For this to compete in the software industry it should posses the competencies to write programs and design tools which have to be combined together to provide it with the competitive advantage in the industry.
An organization’s resources which are critical in imparting it with competitive advantage are called distinctive capabilities. When the capabilities originate from an attribute which other firms do not have then they form an organization’s distinctive capabilities. In addition to having a distinctive characteristic it should also be sustainable and appropriable.
When a distinctive capability is able to continue functioning over a period of time it is said to be sustainable. When the organization which holds a distinctive capability is able to benefit mainly from it then it becomes appropriable.
An organization can derive the distinctive capabilities mainly from the organizational architecture, organization reputation and innovation. The relationships between the organization and the stakeholders are critical in developing these three aspects of the organization.
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