What is Cost of Equity? – Meaning, Concept and Formula
February 12, 2025
Taxation has a major impact on the return that any investment generates. This is the reason why it is important to understand the impact of taxation on cryptocurrencies. However, since cryptocurrencies are relatively new, there is considerable ambiguity regarding the taxability of cryptocurrencies. In this article, we will have a closer look at some of […]
In the previous article, we learned about the three financial statements. We also learned how income statements and balance sheets are backward-looking financial statements. We also understood that the budget is the only forward-looking financial statement in the personal finance domain. It is the only statement that can be used to prevent economic mistakes from […]
Pension funds typically cater to people investing for their retirement. When it comes to retirement planning, most people stay conservative. Hence, pension funds were not allowed to invest in risky and unstable assets. However, the past decade or so has led to the creation of a new risky asset class. For many years, cryptocurrencies have […]
The number of pension funds, as well as the amount of money being managed by these funds, is increasing exponentially every day. This is creating advantages for the investors. However, this is also creating a lot of problems for the regulators. This is because regulators have scarce resources and they have to manage the regulation […]
The Wal-Mart Flipkart deal has become historic in many aspects. Firstly, this is the biggest, most valued takeover of a company in India. Also, it gives entry to Wal-Mart to enter India via the e-commerce route. Many believe that this deal will pave the way for increasing globalization by increasing the FDI limit for the […]
As discussed in the previous article, capital rationing is a form of capital budgeting. In capital rationing we change the unlimited capital assumption of capital budgeting and we try to choose projects with the finite capital that we have on hand. This finite capital may be in the form of capital that the firm already has or it may be in the form of a decision to raise a limited amount of capital in the future. Either way, the amount of capital available at the company’s disposal for decision making is finite and it is known. There are two types of capital rationing. They have been explained in this article:
Soft rationing is when the firm itself limits the amount of capital that is going to be used for investment decisions in a given time period. This could happen because of a variety of reasons:
This type of rationing is called soft because it is the firm’s internal decision. They can change or modify it in the future if they think that it is in their best interest to do so.
Also, companies usually implement this kind of rationing on a department basis. From a master investment budget, departmental investment budgets are drawn and each department is asked to choose projects on the basis of funds allocated. Only in case of an extremely attractive project are the departmental restrictions on capital investments compromised.
Hard rationing, on the other hand, is the limitation on capital that is forced by factors external to the firm. This could also be due to a variety of reasons:
So hard rationing arises because of market imperfections and because of limitations created by external parties.
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