How Human Resource Managers can deal with Difficult Employees
Introduction One of the key challenges that HR (Human Resource) Managers face in any organization is how they respond to employees violating organizational policies and plain disgruntled employees who are angry with their appraisals and consequent pay hikes and bonuses. Indeed, how astutely and adroitly the HR Managers deal with such employees determines their competency […]
Global Financial Crisis and Organizational Change
Resistance to change is inevitable as there are many parties who stand to lose from change and apart from the status quoists there are vested interests who would oppose change. The changes that the organizations and the companies introduced in the wake of the global financial crisis were systemic and fundamental in nature and hence […]
Myths Surrounding Toys R Us Bankruptcy
Toys R Us is an iconic American company. According to recent surveys, Toys R Us has a market share of more than 15%. With this market share, the company should be in a commanding position in the toys market. However, ironically it is filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. This means that it is still likely […]
BPI and Process Adaptability Improvement
In modern times, the Business Rules are changing every day. Every Business, be it a Product or a Service, changing its way of doing business to suit the customer expectations has become the rule of the day. Technology has become the enabler for the businesses to reinvent their offerings as well as their operations. Businesses […]
Communication Theory – Meaning and Examples
Imagine a world without communication! You have a brilliant idea with you but don’t possess the power of communication. You have a strong desire for something, but cannot express your desires. Life would be dull, blank and the world would not be worth living. Such is the power of communication. Communication is the essence of […]
An information system is integrated and co-ordinate network of components, which combine together to convert data into information.
An information system is essentially made up of five components hardware, software, database, network and people. These five components integrate to perform input, process, output, feedback and control.
Information processing consists of input; data process, data storage, output and control.
During input stage data instructions are fed to the systems which during process stage are worked upon by software programs and other queries.
During output stage, data is presented in structured format and reports.
In any given organization information system can be classified based on the usage of the information. Therefore, an information system in an organization can be divided into operations support system and management support system.
In an organization, data input is done by the end user which is processed to generate information products i.e. reports, which are utilized by internal and or external users. Such a system is called operation support system.
The purpose of the operation support system is to facilitate business transaction, control production, support internal as well as external communication and update organization central database.
The operation support system is further divided into a transaction-processing system, processing control system and enterprise collaboration system.
In manufacturing organization, there are several types of transaction across department.
Typical organizational departments are Sales, Account, Finance, Plant, Engineering, Human Resource and Marketing. Across which following transaction may occur sales order, sales return, cash receipts, credit sales; credit slips, material accounting, inventory management, depreciation accounting, etc.
These transactions can be categorized into batch transaction processing, single transaction processing and real time transaction processing.
In a manufacturing organization, certain decisions are made by a computer system without any manual intervention. In this type of system, critical information is fed to the system on a real-time basis thereby enabling process control. This kind of systems is referred as process control systems.
In recent times, there is more stress on team effort or collaboration across different functional teams. A system which enables collaborative effort by improving communication and sharing of data is referred to as an enterprise collaboration system.
Managers require precise information in a specific format to undertake an organizational decision. A system which facilitates an efficient decision making process for managers is called management support system.
Management support systems are essentially categorized as management information system, decision support system, expert system and accounting information system.
Management information system provides information to manager facilitating the routine decision-making process. Decision support system provides information to manager facilitating specific issue related solution.
An information system can be categorized based upon activity into strategic planning system, tactical information system and operational information system.
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What the Current Wave of Protectionism and Populism mean for the Future of Globalization and Free Trade
February 12, 2025
