Creating a SIPOC Chart
February 12, 2025
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Every business organization that is engaged in manufacturing, trading or dealing with salable products holds inventories in one form another. Inventory is held in the form of raw materials or in the form of salable goods. Since every unit of inventoried item has an economic value and is itemized in the books of account of […]
The Current Situation: Donald Trumps administration had signed in a draconian law. This law made it necessary for immigration officers to deport adults who were illegally entering the United States. However, the children who were detained in the United States were to be kept in detention centers built specifically for the purpose. The end result […]
The Indian IT sector has been facing a lot of flak. The industry is undergoing a transformation. Issues like the availability of H1B visas and adapting to changing technology are at the forefront. The stocks of Indian IT behemoths have taken a beating. Employees are being laid off indiscriminately. All this signals towards the fact […]
Decision support systems are now widely used in organizations and military across the world, helping decision makers apply analytical, statistical and scientific techniques to decision making. In recent years, there popularity has significantly increased because of their ability to execute, interpret, analyze and suggest. Decision support systems can be used in the areas of economic […]
Given the usefulness of the fishbone diagram, it is essential that every student of quality and six sigma know how to use it. To aid the students in learning, here is a step-by-step procedure of how a fishbone diagram must be drawn:
Step 1 - List The Effect (Problem) to the Right: A fishbone diagram can be used for exploration only once the effect (problem) is known to the participants. The very first step in the procedure is to write the effect and a draw an arrow from the left pointing towards the problem on the right.
Step 2 - Branch Out into Categories: From the central line drawn, several categories usually branch out. These categories can be custom defined. The definition of the categories is the primary structure in the brainstorming exercise. Choosing the wrong categories can have large scale implications.
However, in most cases pre-defined categories are used. Some of the most commonly used categories are as follows:
The 8 M’s in Manufacturing: (Famously Used By Toyota)
The 8 P’s in Service Industry:
The 5 P’s in Service Industry:
Specific Causes as Branches: Once these categories have been created, it is time to brainstorm. One of the most common methods is to select a category and go to every person one by one for suggestions. Every person can make only one suggestion in one round. If they do not have a suggestion they say pass. This must be continued till most people in the group are saying pass. Once all the possible causes have been listed out as sub-branches in the category, move on to the next category. Repeat till the diagram is full.
Refine and Highlight: Once the diagram is full and the brainstorming exercise is complete, it is now time to refine the number of causes. This is because, it is likely that the brainstorming exercise has come up with 50 to 100 causes which obviously cannot be focussed upon. Therefore causes are sometimes reduced to their root cause or are prioritized. This ensures that there is consensus upon what is more important in the process.
Repeat after a Few Days: A fishbone diagram if used once will not yield great results. It has to become a regular feature of the shop-floor like it has been in Toyota for all these years. Participating members are advised to “sleep over the issues” i.e. to mull over the issues and let the group know if they have developed some sort of insight. Repeated use and undiluted focus produce great results.
Ishikawa Diagram/Fish Bone Diagram Template
Fishbobne Cause and Effect Diagram
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