Historic Greek Debt Relief Deal and the Lessons for Other Nations from this Crisis
Historic Debt Deal The Greek Debt Crisis is over, so proclaimed Finance Ministers from the Eurozone Countries who gathered in Brussels, on June 21st in talks that went into the early hours of the day. By saying so, they paved the way for Greece to emerge from a nearly decade long bailout process wherein it […]
Introduction to Information Technology (IT) Strategy
Introduction: What is IT Strategy and Why it is Important As the joke goes, A person who is sitting in front of a computer and not knowing what to do has been described as Intel Inside and Idiot Outside. Similarly, organizations that do not have an IT strategy in place are akin to clueless organizations […]
Managing the Millennials: Some Approaches
Who are the Millennials and Why are they so Important ? The Millennials or the generation of youngsters born between 1980 and 1995 and so called because of they came of age in the New Millennium is now either entering the workforce or are already part of it. This means that organizations, governments, and managers […]
How to Use a Fishbone Diagram
The fishbone diagram, which also goes by a couple of other names like the Cause and effect diagram and the Ishikawa diagram is one of the seven basic tools of quality management. It has wide ranging applications in almost all six sigma projects. The Fishbone diagram is a simple but highly effective tool in problem […]
The Impact of GDPR on Business
The Internet has drastically changed in the past few years. Consumers have now become very aware of their privacy issues. Many consumers want to be in control of the data that they create and share online. Till now, the contracts used to be drawn by social media companies. Hence, they were heavily skewed to be […]
Information Technology is the application of computers and techniques to restore retrieve and manipulate data often within an organization.
To facilitate the functioning of HR and make it more proactive, IT and HR have been merged to form HRIS. In short, one can describe HRIS as an online solution for the entry, tracking of data, information that a human resource management group requires for realizing its strategic objectives and aligning its functions with the organizational vision.
To get a clear idea of HRIS and its applications in management systems, one should get a clear idea of data, information and knowledge. For any organization, effective data management is their primary concern and it’s the lifeblood. Data presents the facts and figures in an unstructured form. Information on the other hand, is the interpretation of data which is always directed towards the fulfillment of a goal.
In the words of Davenport & Prusak (2000), for the data to become an information, it should be contextualized, categorized, calculated and condensed. Information, thus offers a bigger picture by adding meaning to the data which is made available. Knowledge, addresses the how related aspects, other than what and why.
Information with a meaning is knowledge (Whitehill, 1997). Knowledge, details the procedures for using the data and information for making crucial decisions and dealing with business. In the context of HR, knowledge, data and information play a vital role in implementing important strategies for management of human resources by referring to the facts and figures related with the human resources and demographic profiles.
DBMS (Database Management System) was introduced in and around 1960-1970 by IBM. It is useful for creating and managing databases. The programmers and users can create, retrieve, update and manage data systematically, promotes data sharing from top to bottom level of the management, improves data security, better data integration and improves productivity of the organization.
Several popular databases which are currently being used are based on the relational database model. A relational database management system (RDBMS) is based on the relational model as invented by E. F. Codd, of IBM's San Jose Research Laboratory. Oracle, IBM’s DB2 and SQL Server of Microsoft are some of the leading RDBMS products. RDBMS has proven to be one of the most popular relational databases which is being used by the organization’s in the present scenario because of its benefits which it offers and it addressed the limitations of old DBMS structures.
In the present scenario, organizations adopt an integrated approach for creating synergies and achieving a competitive advantage in the industry. Information sharing and dissemination across various levels of hierarchy and functional areas play an important role in management functioning and decision making. RDBMS encourages effective coordination and alignment in the functioning of various departments, which was referred to as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) as stated by Martin, Brown, Hoffin and Perkins, 1999.
DATA sharing is required in different functional areas as well as across different levels of management specially the Human Resource Department. The levels of management can be primarily subdivided into 3 broad categories and they are Top level, Middle level and Lower level (Operative or the Supervisory or First Line Managers). There are three types of data sharing:
RDBMS facilitates integration of various business applications as a result of which each functional department can have an access to pool of data apart from accessing their own departmental data. ERP modules essentially are the integrated applications used commonly by large organizations for meeting their business objectives by aligning the departmental functions.
Data sharing is done by the users of different levels, which can be broadly classified as operations, middle management and executive. These levels correspond to the three different types of automated business systems that have evolved during the past three decades.
A company which operates in various locations, needs to share and manage data across diverse geographical area. Sharing these data is a real big problem.
Database Management System versus Relational Database Management System
Model for Relational Database Terminology
Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b7/Relational_db_terms.png
The above model was proposed by E.F.Codd in 1970. As shown in the above model, an attribute explains the characteristics of the entity, for eg. In case of an employee, the characteristics could be name, age, address, contact details, education, etc. They are stored as columns (also regarded as fields) in the table.
A table stores the information about entities, each table contains rows, each row represents one entity and the column represents the attributes. Rows are even called as records, tuples or entities and each row should be unique. Columns are not numbered and the column names should be descriptive.
Forms can be used to maintain, view and print records in a database more effectively and they can present data in a much more effective and useful manner along with customizations. Forms have navigation buttons that facilitate movement from one field to another field and from one record to another record. Once a data is entered or changed in a form and is saved, the values in the table automatically changes.
A report is the formatted representation of data from a table, multiple tables or queries that is created for obtaining a print or to be viewed on screen. Reports can only be viewed and unlike forms in a report the data cannot be changed or a new record cannot be added to a report.
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
