Comparative Public Administration
February 12, 2025
The term Emotional Competence is treated as a buzzword in the present scenario and several studies, as well as investigations, have been undertaken to explain the relevance of Emotional Competence in determining both individual employee and organizational success. Emotional Competence plays a crucial role in improving the quality of our life and individuals with high […]
In order for businesses to run smoothly, risks need to be identified and managed. This is especially true in our increasingly volatile global economy. The risks involved, for example, in project management are different in comparison to the risks involved finance. This accounts for certain changes in the entire risk management process. However the ISO […]
Why Successful Leadership is All about Finding the Balance between Hopes and Realities Management Theory talks a lot about how leaders have to vision and why without it, they are no different from managers who are more concerned about the Day to Day running of organizations. Indeed, pick up any book on Leadership and, chances […]
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The work culture represents the ideologies, principles, policies and beliefs of the organization. The individual’s style of working, his behaviour and ways of interaction also contribute to the culture of the organization. There are several reasons which lead to a change in the organization culture. Change in management, poor financial conditions, revisions in goals and […]
The line agency in its traditional form exists as departments. Departments are the fundamental unit of administrative organizations and carries out all the functions. There are different shortcoming and problems associated with this structure as well but before we dwell into that, we shall make an attempt to understand the basic principles on which the organization of departments is based.
The organization of departments is based on four principles:
The above mentioned principles are not the sole criteria for the basis of organizations, aspects like traditions and history also play a role. Generally, the governments look at a combination of one or more principles and considerations to base the departments on. The most relevant however has been the functional principle or the Scientific Principle of Organization. With increase in specialization of functions, it only makes sense to have organizations based on them. Let us read about some of the features of this principle:
The departments are further divided into divisions which is the vertical division based on the broader functions to be performed by the department. The horizontal division is done for other specific activities to be carried out under that division.
The horizontal method of dividing the work within the organization is preferred in comparison to the vertical segregation. The arguments given for the same are:
The departments are generally divided into two divisions (there may be more), the division of Primary Activities and the Division of Secondary or Institutional Activities about which we read earlier.
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