Cognitive Psychology
February 12, 2025
Communication plays an important role in negotiation. What is negotiation ? Negotiation is nothing but a discussion among individuals to reach to an alternative which would satisfy all. How is an effective discussion possible ? Only through communication. An effective communication is directly proportional to an effective negotiation. The better the communication is the better […]
Once an organization decides to go for Enterprise Risk Management, the challenge is the implementation. At the ground level there are lots of considerations in successful implementation of the same. These considerations vary with the organizations; however the following more or less remain the same: ERM Champion: First and foremost, considering the challenges an individual […]
The developing countries of the world are concentrated in the regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. The developing nations are characterized by an economy which is transitioning from agrarian to industrial. You may recall Fred Riggs and his famous Prismatic Model from the earlier article, according to Riggs, the developing nations are the prismatic […]
Value at Risk (VaR) is the most prominently used methodology when it comes to gauging and mitigating the market risk. Over the years, this methodology has been extensively used by financial as well as non-financial organizations. It has also been extensively used and recommended by academicians and researchers. The immense popularity of the value at […]
Success in the workplace depends on your ability to build a team, as well as to interact with others on that team. Together, people are able to accomplish what one person alone can not. This is known as synergy. Following are the characteristics of a Good/Effective team: A clear, elevating goal: This is a goal […]
Long term memories last for a longer period of time as it has the capacity to store information for a relatively longer period of time and retrieve the same whenever required. Some of the important facts related to long term memory which should be known are provided below:
Information present in the short term memory can be transformed into long term memory by way of association process and rehearsal. Though long term memories can last for days, to several decades or sometimes even the entire lifetime, still it is very much susceptible to forgetting process. The retention capacity or recalling abilities of long term memory depends upon a gamut of factors.
The information processing in human memory takes place exactly like a computer. The information firstly is temporarily stored in the Short Term Memory and then some of the information moves to the Long Term Memory which has relatively a permanent storage capacity just like the way in which information is stored in the computer hard disk. Whenever the information is required, it is retrieved or called out from the long term memory store by using certain environmental cues, which is quite similar to the process of accessing the saved information from a computer.
Memory Consolidation is the process by way of which the brain converts the short term memories to long term memories with the help of synapses. Synapses function like an electrical transmission in the brain which passes from one neuron to another neuron through neurotransmitters. If the frequency of this transfer of electrical signals in the brain would be high, then stronger will be the synapses and this process is called as the process of Potentiation which plays a major role in memory and learning processes. Memory consolidation takes place because of communication which takes place between various parts of the brain like the cerebellum, the hippocampus and the amygdala. Though the hippocampus itself does not store the memories but plays an integral role in consolidation of memories.
The neural networks become much stronger by way of repetition of the same experience and rehearsal. For example, a course which is revised for several times over a period of time can be recalled much easily. Because of the repeat firing of same set of neurons, it becomes much likely that the same set of neurons will be able to repeat the same exercise in the future too if required. As a result, remembrance will be much stronger and the information can be recalled with much accuracy and ease in future too.
Memory Consolidation process can be influenced by multiple factors, prime one being sleep. Sleep helps in processing and consolidation of information, which we have acquired while being awake. Memories should be reconsolidated once the same is recalled as there is always of possibility of forgetting or losing the consolidated information unless it is reconsolidated. By reconsolidating and recalling, memory can be strengthened for a longer period of time. Memories are required to be reconsolidated each time it is being accessed. The memory consolidation process can be enhanced by way of repetition of exposures, rehearsals and by following certain memorization techniques.
Though long-term memories exist for a longer duration, such memories are quite highly susceptible to various kinds of change, interference or misinterpretation of information or trigger some false information. Various factors like brain injuries, trauma, and lesions can adversely affect the long term memory storage capacity. In several cases, old memories interfere with the new memory formation process thus adding difficulties in the entire process of recall. Long term memories can be made stronger or improved by following the below steps:
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