Centralization and Decentralization
February 12, 2025
Planning means looking ahead and chalking out future courses of action to be followed. It is a preparatory step. It is a systematic activity which determines when, how and who is going to perform a specific job. Planning is a detailed programme regarding future courses of action. It is rightly said “Well plan is half […]
Once the candidates are selected for the required job, they have to be fitted as per the qualifications. Placement is said to be the process of fitting the selected person at the right job or place, i.e. fitting square pegs in square holes and round pegs in round holes. Once he/she is fitted into the […]
Controlling as a management function involves following steps: Establishment of standards- Standards are the plans or the targets which have to be achieved in the course of business function. They can also be called as the criterions for judging the performance. Standards generally are classified into two- Measurable or tangible – Those standards which can […]
Employee Selection is the process of putting right men on right job. It is a procedure of matching organizational requirements with the skills and qualifications of people. Effective selection can be done only when there is effective matching. By selecting best candidate for the required job, the organization will get quality performance of employees. Moreover, […]
Internal Limitations There are several limitations of planning. Some of them are inherit in the process of planning like rigidity and other arise due to shortcoming of the techniques of planning and in the planners themselves. Rigidity Planning has tendency to make administration inflexible. Planning implies prior determination of policies, procedures and programmes and a […]
Line and staff organization is a modification of line organization and it is more complex than line organization. According to this administrative organization, specialized and supportive activities are attached to the line of command by appointing staff supervisors and staff specialists who are attached to the line authority. The power of command always remains with the line executives and staff supervisors guide, advice and council the line executives. Personal Secretary to the Managing Director is a staff official.
MANAGING DIRECTOR | ||
↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Production Manager | Marketing Manager | Finance Manager |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Plant Supervisor | Market Supervisor | Chief Assisstant |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Foreman | Salesman | Accountant |
The line executive can concentrate on the execution of plans and they get relieved of dividing their attention to many areas.
The planning and investigation which is related to different matters can be done by the staff specialist and line officers can concentrate on execution of plans.
Line executives can give due concentration to their decision making. This in itself is a training ground for them.
At times the staff specialist also provide wrong decisions which the line executive have to consider. This can affect the efficient running of the enterprise.
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