Over the Counter Markets
Over the counter markets are a particular type of financial market. Generally, financial markets are centralized. This means that there is one central body that is a counterparty to all the trades being made. For instance, if A wants to trade with B, the transaction does not happen directly. Instead, A trades with the centralized […]
Financial Trends in The Retail Industry
The retail industry has already been undergoing a massive change since a long period of time. This industry has seen a huge impact of the rise of internet and associated technologies. It was also amongst the industries which were greatly impacted by the pandemic. The macroeconomic factors have always had a significant impact on the […]
How Investment Banks Source Deals?
Investment bankers are intermediaries in the capital-raising process. This means that most of the time, the deals which go through are not pitched by either party but by the intermediaries i.e., investment bankers. Since sourcing a deal is the first step that an investment bank can take towards the generation of revenue, investment banks have […]
Debt Ratio – Formula, Meaning, Assumptions and Interpretation
The debt ratio is the second most important ratio when it comes to gauging the capital structure and solvency an organization. This article provides an in-depth look. Formula Debt Ratio = Total Debt / Total Capital The debt ratio is a part to whole comparison as compared to debt to equity ratio which is a […]
Keep It Simple Securities (KISS)
In the previous article, we have studied about the concept of Simple Agreement for Future Equities (SAFE). However, it is important to note that SAFE is not the only innovative type of financial instrument which has been created for funding startup companies. Another type of financial instrument called Keep It Simple Securities (KISS) has also […]
The ultimate aim of all business is to generate profit. That is what the investors invest for, management plans for and employees execute for.
Two companies may be generating the exact same amount of rupee profits, however that does not mean that they are equally profitable. This is because profit is an output measure. And jumping to a conclusion only by looking at the output and not the input that was used to generate the output would not be very prudent!
The profit numbers are therefore seen in relation to various measures of inputs like capital, equity, assets etc. Each of these measures tell a separate story about how the company is performing specific to the input. Analysts often use these numbers together, connect the dots and find out the true picture of the company’s profitability.
Shareholders want the business to generate as much profit as possible. Debt holders on the other hand are content with enough money to ensure that they get paid. Banks want to know whether the company has been making efficient use of fixed assets before granting a loan to buy another one. Thus different user groups have different needs. Hence there is a need for a wide variety of profitability ratios that serves them.
A careful analysis of the profitability ratios also unearths the drivers of profitability. Analysts can look at the financial ratios of an extended period of time and use correlation analysis to unearth the same. The ability to express the company’s business as an accurate input output model is vital for analysts. This is because they can then guess the input, obtain the output and value the firm based on this information.
Common drivers of profitability include economies of scale, economies of scope, mechanization, automation, investment in brand value etc.
Industries have their specific business cycles. These business cycles have similar duration and the highs and lows that the business will experience can also be gauged fairly accurately. Profitability ratios help in doing the same.
Analysts use ratios from past several years and then conduct a trend analysis to find out the patterns hidden in the data. This helps them find out how the sales are expected to move in the next quarter.
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