An Overview of Contracts and Why They are Important to Business and Society
February 12, 2025
The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is another very important metric that can be used to determine whether or not a company must invest its resources in a project. If the company does decide to invest its resources in all the projects then the IRR can help us understand what should be the priority of […]
When we think about investment banks, as well as the activities that they undertake, we tend to think about initial public offerings, debt syndication, and other such activities that are very visible to the public eye. However, the reality is that a lot of investments that are routed via investment banks are actually private placements. […]
In the previous articles, we have studied what a risk-based supervisory system for pension funds is. We have also studied the various steps which need to be taken in order to set up such a system. It is true that this system is being adopted on a large scale worldwide because of the various benefits […]
Commercial or corporate banking has undergone a sea of change in the recent past. All these changes have not been related to technology. Some of the changes have also been related to ideology. The rise of the concept of sustainable corporate banking signifies an ideological shift in the commercial banking industry. Earlier, corporate banking was […]
If you have regularly observed the stock market, you may have noticed that a lot of time when the market falls, experts attribute this fall to profit booking. The concept of profit booking is known to a lot of people. However, the knowledge is merely superficial. In this article, we will have a closer look […]
The entity concept separates the concerns of the owners from the business. An extension of the same concept is the concept of accounts which splits up the business’s affairs further. The account concept becomes clearer once the double entry system of accounting is explained. That is done at a later stage in the tutorial.
The firm conducts transactions with outside parties and the accounting system is capable of keeping a track of the same. However there are many transaction that are internal to the firm. For instance when a company undertakes production, it converts raw material into finished products. This transaction is internal to the firm but has a material effect. If the firm were considered as one unit, it would be impossible to account for the transaction as the same party cannot be on both sides of the transaction.
An appropriate analogy to draw would be that of the human body. The business is the complete entity i.e. the body. Accounts on the other hand are like lungs, kidneys, heart etc. They are like the vital organs that are constituent parts of the entity. They have their own independent existence. However, it is the relationship between these accounts that is of prime importance. That is why it is called the accounting system.
All accounts within the organization can be split into three types. An account can be of one and only one of the following type and not more. Here are the various types of accounts.
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