An Overview of Contracts and Why They are Important to Business and Society
February 12, 2025
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The entity concept separates the concerns of the owners from the business. An extension of the same concept is the concept of accounts which splits up the business’s affairs further. The account concept becomes clearer once the double entry system of accounting is explained. That is done at a later stage in the tutorial.
The firm conducts transactions with outside parties and the accounting system is capable of keeping a track of the same. However there are many transaction that are internal to the firm. For instance when a company undertakes production, it converts raw material into finished products. This transaction is internal to the firm but has a material effect. If the firm were considered as one unit, it would be impossible to account for the transaction as the same party cannot be on both sides of the transaction.
An appropriate analogy to draw would be that of the human body. The business is the complete entity i.e. the body. Accounts on the other hand are like lungs, kidneys, heart etc. They are like the vital organs that are constituent parts of the entity. They have their own independent existence. However, it is the relationship between these accounts that is of prime importance. That is why it is called the accounting system.
All accounts within the organization can be split into three types. An account can be of one and only one of the following type and not more. Here are the various types of accounts.
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